Polkadot 简介

最近有没有听说过Polkadot这个词，想了解更多呢？下面我们为大家带来Polkadot区块链的详细介绍，一起来学习吧！

我们不可避免地会遇到由特定公司控制的技术。通常，这些公司包括大型企业，其利益和动机通常与客户的利益和动机相冲突。大多数情况下，您可能已经同意了特定应用程序的条款和条件，甚至没有查看它们。因此，公司可以更好地控制我们在与其专有软件的每次交互中创建的数据。

因此，去中心化和开源技术在最近获得了巨大的价值，区块链技术就是明证。Polkadot 区块链的出现让人们对其在更广泛的区块链生态系统中的作用产生了一些怀疑。以下讨论可帮助您详细了解 Polkadot，以及它如何为区块链技术带来新的视角。

什么是 Polkadot？

任何关于 Polkadot 的介绍中，首先要考虑的问题之一显然是定义。只有在了解“什么是 Polkadot”之后，您才能详细了解其架构中的元素。此外，详细了解 Polkadot 角色还将展示其功能的一个重要亮点。基本上，Polkadot 区块链是一种下一代区块链协议，旨在结合整个特定用途的区块链网络。

Polkadot 的亮点在于它允许区块链无缝运行，同时具有所需的可扩展性。由于 Polkadot 支持在任何类型的区块链上传输任何类型的数据，因此它可以为各种实际用例开辟可能性。最重要的是，Polkadot 结合了不同专业区块链的最佳功能，为新的去中心化市场的到来创造了新的机会。新的区块链平台可以通过不同的应用程序和提供商提供更好的方法来访问服务。

Polkadot 的历史

在深入了解 Polkadot 生态系统之前，让我们先来回顾一下 Polkadot 的历史。Polkadot 由 Parity Technologies 在 Gavin Wood 和 Jutta Steiner 的领导下开发。他们两人都曾担任过以太坊高管。最重要的是，Polkadot 项目还得到了 Web3 基金会的支持。Web3 基金会非常重视提供资金、宣传和研究福利以及合作。

Parity started off in 2015 and started working on node software for Ethereum, termed as Parity Ethereum Client. However, Parity shifted focus from that project towards Polkadot and another related project, Substrate. So, the journey of Polkadot started off in November 2017 with developers publishing the first code on GitHub. Subsequently, the company introduced twoproofs-of-conceptin 2018, followed by deploying the first parachain of Polkadot in July 2018.

Polkadot was officially launched in an ‘initial’ state in May 2020, and only a few months later, it enabled token transfers in August 2020. The relay chain of Polkadot had not been activated in September 2020, and the chain auctions are also not alive yet.

What is Special about Polkadot?

Even if many people ask this question about thePolkadot blockchain, very few attempts to find out what it truly means;blockchain applicationscould have offered promising results in different fields such as identity management, asset tracking,finance,IoT,governance, and web decentralization.

However, the design limitations in existing systems could present profound obstacles for the large-scaleadoption of blockchain technology. The design of Polkadot presents better advantages than the existing networks. Let us reflect on the value Polkadot brings to the blockchain landscape.

• Heterogeneous Sharding

Blockchain applications have to make certain tradeoffs for accommodating certain features and use cases. In addition, the increasing chain specialization would imply growth in their need for transactions between each other. ThePolkadot chartindicates that it is a sharded blockchain connecting different chains in a specific network. It should allow the different chains to process transactions simultaneously with each other.

At the same time, Polkadot can also enable flexible exchanging of data between chains with the assurance ofsecurity. The unique heterogeneousshardingmodel of Polkadot ensures that each chain in the network could be optimized for particular use cases rather than following the one-size-fits-all approach. The support for additional chains and flexibility for specialization onPolkadot blockchaincreates additional possibilities for innovation.

• Scalability

It is important to note that one blockchain platform could not support the continuously evolving assortment ofdecentralized applications. With the restricted throughput and lower runtime specialization with early blockchains, scaling is practically impossible in different real-world use cases.

ThePolkadot ecosystembrings various specialized chains into a particular sharded network and then ensures parallel processing of multiple transactions. The system could be helpful in removing bottlenecks that were evident on conventional networks which carried out transaction processing one by one.

Polkadot could also deliver on promises of scalability with a new feature known as nested relay chains. The nested relay chains could help in increasing the number of shards you can add to the network.

• Scope for Forkless Upgrades

Another important highlight in aPolkadot chartwould refer to forkless upgrades. Apps, browsers, and games are receiving updates frequently, and many of them go through the process automatically. Generally, developers work on fixing bugs before they result in problems. Over the course of time, new features are added to the application with the increasing availability of better solutions. Just like other software, blockchain solutions would need upgrades for maintaining relevance. On the other hand, upgrading blockchains could be quite a difficult job.

Polkadot helps in revolutionizing the process of blockchain upgrades by introducing forkless updates. It could help blockchains in upgrading without any need for forking the chain. The transparent on-chain governance system of Polkadot helps in implementing the upgrades. The forkless upgrade feature in Polkadot ensures that projects have better agility. In addition, the upgrade ensures that projects are capable of adapting and evolving in accordance with the progress of technology. Most important of all, thePolkadot blockchainalso reduces the risks related to contentious hard forks.

• Transparent Governance

The Polkadot platform also caters to one of the prominent issues with conventionalblockchain platforms. The earlier blockchain platforms did not have any formal governance procedures. Individual stakeholders did not have any power to propose or vetoing the protocol modifications without the right contacts. So,what is special about Polkadot?

Polkadot enables governance privileges for any individual with ownership of DOT, the native currency of Polkadot. Different DOT holders could present suggestions for changing the protocol or vote on the existing proposals. In addition, they could help in electing the council members representing passive stakeholders in the governance system of Polkadot.

• Collaborative Design

The final and most important aspect which showcaseswhat is Polkadotand how it will change the way we see blockchain is cross-chain compatibility. Previously, blockchains worked as walled cities which did not have access to other networks. However, cross-chain communication and interoperability are the need of the hour.

The cross-chain interoperability and message transfer could help shards in communication, exchanging value, and sharing functionality, with better scope for innovation. Polkadot delivers profound advantages in bridging blockchains which helps Polkadot shards in interacting with popularDeFiprotocols and virtual assets on external networks.

What Helps Polkadot Deliver So Many Functionalities?

这个问题最简单的答案直接在于 Polkadot 的架构。正确连接 Polkadot 图表上描述其架构的所有点可以进一步阐明其功能。Polkadot 结合了称为平行链的异构区块链分片网络。

平行链连接到 Polkadot 中继链，中继链也负责它们的安全性。此外，平行链还可以通过桥接器与外部网络建立连接。以下是 Polkadot 架构中定义其功能的重要元素。

• 中继链

中继链是 Polkadot 最关键的组件。它负责 Polkadot 网络的安全性、跨链互操作性和共识方面。

• 平行链

基本上是拥有自己的代币和能力的主权区块链，可以优化其功能以适应特定用例。平行链可以遵循即用即付模式连接到中继链或租用插槽以确保持续连接。

• 桥梁

它们是专门为使 Polkadot 分片能够连接和与以太坊等外部网络进行通信而定制的特殊区块链。

• DOT 代币

理解 Polkadot 区块链的另一个重要元素是原生代币 DOT。它能够实现以下重要功能：

• 网络治理

• 质押

• 粘合

最后的话

很明显，Polkadot 将带来一种使用区块链网络的新方式。了解 Polkadot 是什么，为开始解读其价值优势奠定了基础。不同的行业正在认识到区块链的价值，并转向许多新的区块链平台来满足特定用例。

Polkadot 可以帮助您了解多个区块链的工作原理，从而帮助您充分利用每个区块链。从长远来看，Polkadot 的开发人员将继续完善其各种功能并推出更好的版本。Polkadot 能够对区块链的使用给出真正的去中心化定义。继续详细了解 Polkadot！